Psychologists have been arguing over which learning theory is the “best” ever since their existence. Arguments for or against cognitivism, behaviorism, connectivism, and connectivism dominate many intellectual debates on how learning occurs. Today these conversations can be found on blogs. I recently read one of these discussions between Bill Kerr, Karl Kapp, and Stephen Downes here where Kerr opposes cognitivism in favor for a behaviorist approach. Meanwhile Downes suggests behaviorism treats learners as machines and removes the human from the learner. This conversation led me to ponder where the individual teachers fit in with the debate.
Most teachers are probably learned the multiple learning theories in an educational psychology class while working on their undergraduate degrees. Some may even have identified themselves as a “behaviorist” or “cognitivist” during the course. However, as they progress through college and become educators themselves, these labels seem to fall away. If you casually ask a classroom teacher about how students best learn, I doubt “constructivism” or “connectivism” (or any other specific theory) would be a popular response. You are probably more likely to hear “hands-on activities” or “meaningful learning experiences”. I’m not saying teachers don’t know how students learn. Depending on your preferred brand, you could argue that these instructional approaches align with any of the learning theories. Which is basically the point I’m trying to make.
By the end of our bloggers’ debate, opinions and beliefs appear to merge closer together. Bill Kerr concludes his post with, “It seems to me that each _ism is offering something useful without any of them being complete or stand alone in their own right.” Karl Kapp followed suit in his blog by stating, “The issue many forget is that “learning” is not one thing…it is a multi-layered word that tends to get treated as if it were just one thing…and it’s not. It is multi-facetted and that is why developing new models for “learning” is so difficult…there are too many levels for one school of thought or one model to do it all.”
I believe most teachers understand at some level that there is no single “correct” way to teach because there is no universal learning model. Making the assumption that there is would “dehumanize” our educators.
The Metaphorical Role of Educators
There are different beliefs about the role of educators in the learning process. Identifying the differences between learning models can be difficult. Therefore, using metaphorical roles can assist with understanding. Siemens (2008) uses metaphors to describe four of these different opinions. These learning models describe educators as a master artist, network administrator, concierge, and curator (Siemens, 2008).
John Seely Brown compares the role of an educator to that of a master artist and the classroom to an art studio. In this setting, the educator observes the work of the students and praises exemplary work. Students derive inspiration from not only the educator but from each other. “The activities of all students can serve to guide, direct, and influence the work of each individual” (Siemens, 2008 p. 15).
Clarence Fisher’s theory gives educators the role of network administrator. This model suggests that educators are responsible for assisting students in creating learning networks. Students acquire information from within their networks. The educator helps the students make connections between different sources to increase knowledge and addresses any possible gaps within the individual networks (Siemens, 2008).
Curtis Bonks uses the term concierge to describe the role of educators. In this model, educators lead learners to different resources and learning experiences. The educator then steps back, providing minimal guidance, while students explore and learn on their own (Siemens, 2008).
Siemens believes that educators should hold the role of curator. According to Siemens (2008), “a curatorial teacher acknowledges the autonomy of learners, yet understands the frustration of exploring unknown territories without a map” (Siemens, 2008 p. 17). Within this model, students are free to explore knowledge and information within boundaries of the field.
Each of these learning models addresses the need for student autonomy with the educator being an expert in the field. However, the way the educator interacts with students throughout the learning process differs for each. I believe that in a digital classroom, educators should hold the role of curator. Without a guide, students could become lost in the vast amount of information and knowledge found on the Internet.
I relate a curator to a zoo keeper. A zoo keeper is an expert in the field and has a plethora of knowledge and information to share. He provides time for visitors to explore and discover based on personal interest. He sets up groups for visitors to explore with and learn from. A curator encompasses the roles of master artist, network administrator, and concierge. It provides a balance that allows students to explore and discover personal learning without ending up in the lion’s den.
This only displays four prospective roles of educators in a digital classroom. Bernard Bull provides additional roles here and suggests that educators need to take on multiple roles.
Resources
Siemens, G. (2008, January 27). Learning and knowing in networks: Changing roles for educators and designers. Paper presented to ITFORUM. Retrieved fromhttp://itforum.coe.uga.edu/Paper105/Siemens.pdf
John Seely Brown compares the role of an educator to that of a master artist and the classroom to an art studio. In this setting, the educator observes the work of the students and praises exemplary work. Students derive inspiration from not only the educator but from each other. “The activities of all students can serve to guide, direct, and influence the work of each individual” (Siemens, 2008 p. 15).
Clarence Fisher’s theory gives educators the role of network administrator. This model suggests that educators are responsible for assisting students in creating learning networks. Students acquire information from within their networks. The educator helps the students make connections between different sources to increase knowledge and addresses any possible gaps within the individual networks (Siemens, 2008).
Curtis Bonks uses the term concierge to describe the role of educators. In this model, educators lead learners to different resources and learning experiences. The educator then steps back, providing minimal guidance, while students explore and learn on their own (Siemens, 2008).
Siemens believes that educators should hold the role of curator. According to Siemens (2008), “a curatorial teacher acknowledges the autonomy of learners, yet understands the frustration of exploring unknown territories without a map” (Siemens, 2008 p. 17). Within this model, students are free to explore knowledge and information within boundaries of the field.
Each of these learning models addresses the need for student autonomy with the educator being an expert in the field. However, the way the educator interacts with students throughout the learning process differs for each. I believe that in a digital classroom, educators should hold the role of curator. Without a guide, students could become lost in the vast amount of information and knowledge found on the Internet.
I relate a curator to a zoo keeper. A zoo keeper is an expert in the field and has a plethora of knowledge and information to share. He provides time for visitors to explore and discover based on personal interest. He sets up groups for visitors to explore with and learn from. A curator encompasses the roles of master artist, network administrator, and concierge. It provides a balance that allows students to explore and discover personal learning without ending up in the lion’s den.
This only displays four prospective roles of educators in a digital classroom. Bernard Bull provides additional roles here and suggests that educators need to take on multiple roles.
Resources
Siemens, G. (2008, January 27). Learning and knowing in networks: Changing roles for educators and designers. Paper presented to ITFORUM. Retrieved fromhttp://itforum.coe.uga.edu/Paper105/Siemens.pdf
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